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標 題: talk.religion.buddhism FAQ
發信站: 由 獅子吼站 收信 (Fri Mar 29 16:11:20 1996)
talk.religion.buddhism 是以外文交談的佛教 newsgroup ，
其 FAQ 檔由 kahila 大德提供：
~---------- Forwarded message ----------
Date: Tue, 25 Jul 1995 14:33:26 +0300 (EETDST)
From: j kahila <kahila@kyyppari.hkkk.fi>
To: David Chiou <b83050@cctwin.ee.ntu.edu.tw>
Subject: Re: buddhism resources
Hi, David! I'm the guy who was asking about CH a while back.
The talk.religion.buddhism FAQ is finally archived at rtfm.mit.edu. The
most recently posted version can be retrieved by anonymous FTP (directory
/pub/usenet-by-group/talk.religion.buddhism), or by sending the message
send usenet/talk.religion.buddhism/*
to mail-server@rtfm.mit.edu.
I have attached a copy of the current working version, which has some
changes since the last posting. Needless to say, my list overlaps a lot
with Hsuan Peng's -- but hopefully you will be able to find something
useful in the FAQ.
Best,
john
--------------------
talk.religion.buddhism FAQ -- Part 1 of 3
Mind precedes its objects. They are mind-governed and mind-made.
To speak or act with a defiled mind is to draw pain after oneself,
like a wheel behind the feet of the animal drawing it.
Mind precedes its objects. They are mind-governed and mind-made.
To speak or act with a peaceful mind is to draw happiness after
oneself, like an inseparable shadow.
-- The Dhammapada (Richards' translation, see "resources" for info)
------------------------------
Subject: 1. Table of Contents, etc.
1. Table of Contents, etc.
1.01 Introduction
1.02 Significant changes in this edition of the FAQ
1.03 How to obtain the most recent version of the FAQ
1.04 How to suggest additions/corrections to the FAQ
1.05 How to contact the FAQ maintainer
1.06 Acknowledgements
1.07 Disclaimer
2. Information for those new to the Net
2.01 What are WWW, FTP, gopher, archie and veronica ...?
2.02 About newsgroups
2.03 Netiquette
2.04 I am bothered by a person/topic. What can I do?
2.05 Ummm ... I'm afraid it's more serious than that.
2.06 What is a killfile, and where can I get me one?
2.07 Aren't you being a bit obsessive about crossposting?
2.08 I only have email. What can I do?
2.09 My mailbox is unmanageable. What can I do?
2.10 Where can I find other FAQs?
2.11 What's this "chat" thing I've heard about?
3. Occasionally asked questions
3.01 Charter? What charter?
3.02 What is the current flamewar about?
3.03 Do Buddhists worship the Buddha as a deity?
3.04 Do Buddhists believe in God?
3.05 Do Buddhists believe in a soul?
3.06 Do Buddhists believe in reincarnation?
3.07 What does Buddhism say about sex?
3.08 What does Buddhism say about homosexuality?
3.09 What does Buddhism say about morality in general?
3.10 Are all Buddhists vegetarians?
4. Glossary
4.01 Why don't you folks speak English?
4.02 A note on spelling and usage
4.03 A random selection of terms and names
4.04 A random selection of abbreviations and smileys
5. Resources of possible interest to Buddhists
5.01 Some Internet sites
5.02 Online scriptures and related material
5.03 Sites mostly devoted to specific practices
5.04 Other sites of possible interest
5.05 Mailing lists
5.06 Electronic journals
5.07 Newsgroups
5.08 A random selection of books
5.09 Bookstores, etc.
5.10 Bulletin Boards, etc.
5.11 Meditation Centers
5.12 Overlapping interests
------------------------------
Subject: 1.01 Introduction
This is the Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) file for
talk.religion.buddhism. It is posted monthly to the following groups:
talk.religion.buddhism
talk.answers
news.answers
alt.magick.tyagi (by request)
The purpose of the FAQ is to serve as a single source of (hopefully)
useful answers to common questions of several different types:
"How can I do X on the Internet?"
"Does Buddhism say anything about X?"
"What does the term 'X' mean?"
"Are there Internet resources dealing with X?"
------------------------------
Subject: 1.02 Significant changes in this edition of the FAQ
Apart from section 3.02 (which is updated monthly), the following
changes have been made in the FAQ during the last month:
* 2.09 new section on organizing unmanageable mailboxes
* 2.10 new section on finding other FAQs
* 2.11 new section on "buddhist chat" channel
* 4.03 new glossary entries:
antinomianism
mindfulness
pratyekabuddha
sati
Satipatthana Sutta
samadhi
samatha
soteriology
* 4.04 new section on abbreviations and smileys
* 5.02 sources for online Sanskrit texts expanded & moved to 5.04
* 5.04 better info on installing the Valby Tibetan dictionary
* 5.05 updated subscription info for Universal Zendo mailing list
* 5.10 updated phone number for Body Dharma Online
* corrected URLs for
5.02 scriptures available via Coombs
5.03 Shambhala Community
5.04 V.A.NewsWatcher
* updated URLs (usually minor link changes) for
5.01 Cornell Asialink
5.01 DEFA
5.02 BUDSIR (Mahidol Univ. Thai/Pali scriptures on CD-ROM)
5.02 Dongguk University Buddhist Web home page
5.03 DharmaWeb
5.03 NCF Buddhism home page
5.03 Shin Buddhist Resource Center
5.03 Soka Gakkai (link is now direct instead of via Soka U.)
5.03 Zen Hospice Project
5.04 Asian art
5.04 International Institute for Asian Studies
5.04 Philosophy resources (symbolic link replaced w/ actual)
* new home pages/URLs:
5.01 Buddhist Virtual Library added to other Coombs URLs
5.01 Mind Only Cafe (Yogacara)
5.02 Asian Classics Input Project (ACIP)
5.03 Kempon Hokke (replaces email address)
5.03 Nichiren Shoshu
------------------------------
Subject: 1.03 How to obtain the most recent version of the FAQ
The FAQ is archived, and is available by anonymous FTP from
rtfm.mit.edu /pub/usenet-by-group/talk.religion.buddhism. If you
don't know what "anonymous FTP" is, see 2.01. For information on
obtaining the FAQ by email, see 2.10.
------------------------------
Subject: 1.04 How to suggest additions/corrections to the FAQ
If there is a topic you would like to see covered in the FAQ, or if
you find any mistakes, please send email to the FAQ maintainer. If
you are knowledgeable on a (Buddhist) topic of general interest, and
feel like writing something short, so much the better.
------------------------------
Subject: 1.05 How to contact the FAQ maintainer
The current FAQ maintainer is John Kahila (kahila@kyyppari.hkkk.fi)
------------------------------
Subject: 1.06 Acknowledgements
Many people have contributed to improving the FAQ -- more than I can
name (and some have asked not to be named). One person who deserves
special thanks is Hsuan Peng at Cornell, whose excellent comprehensive
resource list has made the FAQ maintainer's task easier. See 5.01.
------------------------------
Subject: 1.07 Disclaimer
This is not an "official guide" (whatever that might be) to Buddhism.
It is only an effort on the part of the FAQ maintainer to provide
useful information. Inevitably, the selection of material is skewed
by the FAQ maintainer's biases -- but hopefully not too much.
This FAQ does not represent the collective viewpoint of t.r.b. There
may be errors. You have been warned.
------------------------------
Subject: 2. Information for those new to the Net
This section is intended primarily for readers who are very new to
Internet services in general. Many readers will want to just skim the
headings. If your newsreader understands digest format (tin doesn't),
you should be able to do this painlessly (e.g., by using ^G in nn).
------------------------------
Subject: 2.01 What are WWW, FTP, gopher, archie and veronica ...?
If you are new to the Internet, please obtain a copy of FYI #4,
Answers to Commonly asked "New Internet User" Questions. You may need
to "bootstrap" this process, by using one of the utilities you are
asking questions about. This is not as mysterious as it sounds.
In what follows, the computer's side of the dialogue is indicated in
square brackets []. Do not type that part in. The indicated dialogues
are only approximate -- details may vary depending on circumstances.
The rest is your side of the dialogue, which you *do* have to type in
(followed by pressing the Return or Enter key). I have used my own
email address in the examples; you should substitute your own.
If you have a Web browser, set it to point at
gopher://ds2.internic.net:70/00/fyi/fyi4.txt
If you have access to gopher, use the following
gopher ds.internic.net [Connecting...Retrieving Directory...]
cursor down to InterNIC Directory and Database Services (AT&T)/
and press <Enter> [Connecting...Retrieving Directory...]
cursor down to Internet Documentation (RFC's, FYI's, etc.)/
and press <Enter> [Connecting...Retrieving Directory...]
cursor down to FYI's (For Your Information RFC's)/
and press <Enter> [Connecting...Retrieving Directory...]
cursor down to fyi4.txt
and press <Enter> [Connecting...Retrieving File...]
Press s
A form will pop up. Just press <Enter>.
Press q, followed by another q
You will be asked if you really want to quit. Answer y.
If you have access to FTP, use the following:
ftp ds.internic.net
[Connected to ds.internic.net]
[A long welcome message.]
[220 ds2.internic.net FTP server ready.]
[Name (ds.internic.net:kahila):] anonymous
[331 Guest login ok, send ident as password.]
[Password:] kahila@kyyppari.hkkk.fi
[230 Guest login ok, access restrictions apply.]
[Remote system type is UNIX.]
[Using binary mode to transfer files.]
[ftp>] ascii
[200 Type set to A.]
[ftp>] cd fyi
[250 CWD command successful.]
[ftp>] get fyi4.txt
[200 PORT command successful.]
[150 Opening ASCII mode data connection for fyi4.txt (98753 bytes)]
[226 Transfer complete]
[101220 bytes received in 60.71 seconds (1.628 Kbytes/s)]
[ftp>] bye
[221 Goodbye.]
If you have only email access, send a message to
mailserv@ds.internic.net. In the body of the message, put the line
document-by-name /ftp/fyi/fyi4.txt
The document will be sent to you by an automatic mail server in two
pieces, which you will have to splice together yourself.
As of 27 March 1995, FYI4 had a size of 98753 bytes as a UNIX file and
101220 bytes as a PC file. If you use the mail server, the two
received messages -- as of 27 March 1995, on UNIX -- have sizes of
67287 and 34803 bytes. I don't know if the server is smart enough to
break them into smaller chunks for mail systems that require that; if
anybody knows the answer to this, please tell me.
FYI4 is sometimes cited by RFC number (currently RFC1594). It is
possible to retrieve documents by RFC numbers, but you should not do
so in this case. RFC numbers change if a document is revised, FYI
numbers do not.
------------------------------
Subject: 2.02 About newsgroups
If you are new to USENET newsgroups generally, please subscribe to
news.answers, news.announce.newusers and news.newusers.questions if
you have not already done so. General questions about USENET (and
some other topics) are addressed regularly in these groups. By
subscribing, you can learn a lot in a short time about how to use
Internet resources.
Other sources for information on USENET and the Internet in general
can be found at <http://scwww.ucs.indiana.edu/NetRsc/usenet.html>.
------------------------------
Subject: 2.03 Netiquette
Consider reading "Emily PostNews Answers Your Questions on Netiquette"
if you haven't already done so. It is available from many sites, e.g.
<http://scwww.ucs.indiana.edu/FAQ/Emily/>. Besides being informative,
Emily is very funny. Less whimsical guides can be found at various
locations around the Net (which you will probably see mentioned from
time to time in news.newusers.questions).
Please do not crosspost carelessly or broadly. If you are replying to
something crossposted by somebody else, please ask yourself if the
original crosspost really needs to be preserved.
When responding to long posts (such as this one), please do not embed
the entire original post into your reply. Preserve only what is
needed for context.
Newsgroups are public; email is private. Many people consider it
extremely impolite, and an invasion of privacy, to post email to
newsgroups without the permission of all parties involved.
Please try to avoid debates of the "my religion is better than yours"
variety (is not! is too! not! too!). If you feel like telling a
non-Buddhist what it is about the Dharma that enriches your life,
that's great. But if you feel like ridiculing the person, please
think twice and reflect on the example that you will set. If others
disparage your practice, try to respond with restraint and compassion.
Here are a few more thoughts on netiquette for Buddhists -- adapted
from the Insight mailing list FAQ:
Keep discussions friendly. View this newsgroup as an opportunity to
practice both ahimsa (harmlessness) and sati (mindfulness). Let's
use the group as a means of offering encouragement and support to each
other in our shared exploration of Dharma.
Rule of thumb: When responding to a message to which you had a strong
emotional reaction -- irritation, ecstatic delight, anger, whatever --
wait a day or two to cool down a little before responding. There is no
hurry. Also keep in mind that silence often speaks louder than words.
------------------------------
Subject: 2.04 I am bothered by a person/topic. What can I do?
If a post inspires an unpleasant (or even pleasant) feeling, it may be
instructive to examine how that feeling arises. Phosphors on screens
have no independent power to influence thought.
Remember that newsgroups and email are very "flat." There is very
little emotional context, unless somebody is flat-out raving. Take a
few seconds to ask if the poster might have meant a remark humorously.
OK, you've read this far -- it's serious. Your simplest choice is to
press the "next" key as soon as you recognize the poster or the topic
as an irritant. If you are tired of pressing "next," or if that isn't
even an option, consider using a killfile (see below).
------------------------------
Subject: 2.05 Ummm ... I'm afraid it's more serious than that.
There are three special cases that may require forceful action.
(1) If you are being personally harassed in some major way, and if the
offender does not respond to requests to stop, talk to your
administrator and communicate with the offender's administrator.
Persist until the problem is fixed.
(2) If somebody is crossposting 1700-line off-topic tracts to a large
number of unrelated groups including t.r.b., and does not respond to
requests to stop, talk to your administrator and communicate with the
offender's administrator.
(3) If spammers post off-topic ads to t.r.b. for things like
credit-rating repair services or legal "help" with Green Card
lotteries, consider putting them on the blacklist. Information about
the blacklist is available by anonymous FTP from
rtfm.mit.edu/pub/usenet-by-group/alt.answers/advertisers-blacklist
If you find it necessary to speak to a sysadmin other than your own,
remember that the sysadmin has a job and a life and -- at least in
case (2) -- may be trying to fend off dozens of complaints about the
same person all at once. Be polite and clear in communications.
Provide supporting documentation where appropriate, but try to keep it
brief and readable. Do not engage in dirty tricks against the
offender's facility -- that will only increase the confusion, making
the original problem harder to solve (and possibly getting you into
trouble). Remember to consult your sysadmin; two heads are better
than one, and you will be better protected against counter-complaints.
------------------------------
Subject: 2.06 What is a killfile, and where can I get me one?
Most newsreading software has some mechanism for filtering out
unwanted subjects and/or authors. For example, in tin you can press ^K
for pretty clear instructions. In nn, the corresponding command is K.
For users of rn and trn, there is a FAQ on killfiles which should be
available at any FAQ site (e.g. by FTP from ftp.uni-stuttgart.de
/pub/doc/faq/news.newusers.questions/rn_KILL_file_FAQ). For Mac
users, a newsreader that supports killfiles is available from
<ftp://grocne.enc.org/pub/V.A.NewsWatcher/>.
If you don't know how to set up a killfile, talk to your administrator
or someone else who is knowledgeable about how things are done at your
facility or on your system. Do not email the FAQ maintainer; he knows
less about your local setup than you do.
------------------------------
Subject: 2.07 Aren't you being a bit obsessive about crossposting?
Maybe so. A well-planned crosspost does save resources (only one copy
of the message needs to be kept, instead of one per group). And
velveeta is preferable to spam any day.
However, a poorly-planned crosspost can cause problems even if the
original post was on-topic for all groups involved. If a tree of
threads and subthreads develops, some of them will inevitably be
on-topic for only one group -- but all of the original groups will see
the thread unless someone remembers to change the addressing.
The problem just mentioned can be eliminated quite easily, by setting
the "Followup-To" line of a post so that it only points at one group.
This also has a nice side effect: you won't have to look in all of the
original groups for replies that have gotten detached from the thread.
It's not a rule ... just a request to be thoughtful.
------------------------------
Subject: 2.08 I only have email. What can I do?
A lot more than you think.
In the US, send email to listserv@ubvm.cc.buffalo.edu. Enter just
this one line in the body (not the subject line) of the message:
GET INTERNET BY-EMAIL NETTRAIN F=MAIL
In Europe, send email to mailbase@mailbase.ac.uk. Enter just this one
line in the body (not the subject line) of the message:
send lis-iis e-access-inet.txt
Elsewhere, use whichever site is closer to you.
You will receive the most recent version of the standard documentation
for accessing most Internet services (including newsgroups) by email.
------------------------------
Subject: 2.09 My mailbox is unmanageable. What can I do?
Unix systems (and presumably others) support "mail filters." These
are programs that can organize your mail into folders, so that it
isn't just one big jumble. This can be a great blessing if you
subscribe to a large number of mailing lists. The FAQ maintainer
knows whereof he speaks.
Mail filters are sometimes also used to send unwanted mail from
specific senders to /dev/null (sort of the email equivalent of a
killfile). Personally, the FAQ maintainer finds it easier to use the
'D' key in his mail reading program; but some people like the feature.
Some popular Unix mail filters are "procmail", "mailagent" and "filter".
More info: <http://www.cis.ohio-state.edu/hypertext/faq/usenet/mail/
filtering-faq/faq.html> (should be all on one line). Also available by
anonymous ftp from ftp.ii.com /pub/ii/internet/filtering-mail-faq.txt.
If your newsreader is "pine" and your mail filter is "filter", the FAQ
maintainer may be able to give you some half-baked ideas about how to
set up a mail filter. But on the whole you are better off talking to
your sysadmin, or someone else who is knowledgeable about how things
are done at your facility or on your system.
------------------------------
Subject: 2.10 Where can I find other FAQs?
Here are a few locations for general FAQs:
<http://www.cis.ohio-state.edu/hypertext/faq/usenet/index.html>
<ftp://ftp.uu.net/usenet/news.answers>
<ftp://rtfm.mit.edu/pub/usenet-by-group/> (6PM-6AM Eastern time)
<ftp://ftp.uni-stuttgart.de/pub/doc/faq>
If the FAQ you want is archived at MIT, and if you know its name and
the full path needed to get to it, you can get a copy by email.
The mail filter FAQ can be obtained by sending the message
send usenet/news.answers/mail/filtering-faq
to mail-server@rtfm.mit.edu.
The talk.religion.buddhism FAQ (three files) can be obtained by
sending the message
send usenet/talk.religion.buddhism/*
to the same address.
A complete list of the commands understood by the MIT mail server can
be obtained by sending the message
help
to the same address.
------------------------------
Subject: 2.11 What's this "chat" thing I've heard about?
Interactive Relay Chat (IRC) allows several users to send messages to
each other over a single "channel" in real time. Some channels are
general free-for-alls. Others are dedicated to specific topics.
There are two topic channels that may have special interest for
readers of t.r.b. One is #tibet -- not sure when the channel operator
is around. The other is #buddhist -- the channel operator comes
online Sunday evenings at 8:00 PM CST. Try 'em out!
If you haven't used IRC before, here are some notes based on the Unix
IRCii client (if you use something else, consult the resource listed
in the next paragraph -- or better yet, consult someone who also uses
the same IRC client). These notes are not entirely correct for
'advanced' users, but if you know what's wrong with them you don't
need my advice anyway. :-) Otherwise they will be good enough until
you know your way around.
If your system has an IRC client installed, just type IRC to get
started. If your system does not have an IRC client installed, and
you want to know where to find one (or if you just want more info),
take a look at <http://www.kei.com/irc.html>.
IRC commands start with /, e.g. /help. Anything else you type (not
prefixed with /) will be sent to the channel(s) you are on. If you
are new to IRC, it is *strongly* suggested that you look at all of the
following before doing anything else:
/help intro
/help newuser
/help etiquette
Next, try something like /join #buddhist or /join #tibet followed by
/who * (note the asterisk) to find out if anyone other than yourself
is logged on. If you are alone on the channel, try waiting around for
a bit -- if everybody just looked in and left, there would almost
never be two people on a channel at the same time!
To leave a channel, type /leave * (or just /join a new channel). To
quit IRC altogether, type /exit or /quit or /bye.
------------------------------
talk.religion.buddhism FAQ -- Part 2 of 3
A centipede was happy quite,
Until a frog in fun
Said, "Pray, which leg comes after which?"
This raised her mind to such a pitch,
She lay distracted in the ditch
Considering how to run.
- Anon (from Oxford Book of Verse for Children)
------------------------------
Subject: 3. Occasionally asked questions
------------------------------
Subject: 3.01 Charter? What charter?
Creation of a talk.religion.buddhism newsgroup was formally proposed
to news.announce.newgroups on 19 Aug 1994 by Than Vo (thanv@van.oz.au).
The results of the vote were 386 YES and 31 NO, plus 1 abstention and
3 invalid ballots.
What follows is a lightly edited version of the charter as given in
Than's CFV of 21 Sep 1994. (The original can be found at ftp.uu.net
/usenet/news.announce.newgroups/talk/talk.religion.buddhism.)
CHARTER
The newsgroup "talk.religion.buddhism" is open to the discussion of
all topics relating to Buddhism as a religion as well as a philosophy.
The objectives of this forum are:
o To promote Buddhism as founded in India by Gotama Siddharta more
than 2,500 years ago;
o To promote the understanding of the teachings of Lord Sakyamuni
Buddha, who, out of His great compassion towards all beings,
showed the path to perfect enlightenment;
o To propagate the Tipitaka teachings as found in the Pali Canon;
o To collaborate with all schools and denominations of Buddhism in
promoting the study and practice of Buddha's teachings;
o To promote unity and solidarity of all Buddhists;
o To promote mutual understanding, coordination and cooperation
among Buddhists in all parts of the world;
o To promote Buddhist traditions in developing spiritual values;
o To promote the Buddhist virtues of Compassion, Wisdom and
Courage for self-development;
o To facilitate discussions on all aspects of Buddhism including,
but not limited to, Buddhist schools and denominations, within
and among Buddhist cultures.
o To exchange and communicate understanding of the Buddha's
teachings among the ordained, the laity and non-Buddhists;
o To facilitate studies of Buddhist philosophy among scholars;
o To facilitate dialogue in the form of questions and answers
about Buddhism from non-Buddhist adherents of other religions.
All discussions shall be resolved in the spirit of Buddhism - in
harmony.
Buddhism is one of the principal religions, with some 700 millions of
Buddhists all over the world. There are also many scholars studying
Buddhism in universities. There is a need for a channel of worldwide
communication for the Buddhist community -- a serious USENET newsgroup
dedicated to Buddhism in general -- so that lay people, ordained
Buddhists and non-Buddhists can communicate and exchange freely their
experiences and interests. The newsgroup "talk.religion.buddhism" is
intended to provide such a needed facility.
------------------------------
Subject: 3.02 What is the current flamewar about?
To keep things in perspective, t.r.b. doesn't usually have flamewars
of its own ... apart from those that spill over from other groups,
usually as the result of ill-conceived crossposts. Even those tend
to be relatively mild; must be our karma. If you want to see a *real*
war zone sometime, drop in next door at talk.religion.misc.
------------------------------
Subject: 3.03 Do Buddhists worship the Buddha as a deity?
No. The Buddha achieved perfect victory over the causes of rebirth.
His Parinirvana was 2500 years ago. All that remain are relics and
monuments.
Of course Buddhists have religious observances of many kinds,
including offerings of fruit and incense before Buddha-images. These
practices are an expression of our shared faith and practice, and a
means of acquiring merit. They are not gestures of deference to a god.
------------------------------
Subject: 3.04 Do Buddhists believe in God?
Theists, agnostics and atheists are all welcome within Buddhism (and
in this group). Buddhists make up their own minds about the existence
or nonexistence of God -- if they get around to it. See also next item.
------------------------------
Subject: 3.05 Do Buddhists believe in a soul?
Some would say that questions like 3.04 and 3.05 are in the same general
category as "Does Nonexistence Exist?" Such questions are unanswerable.
But even if one does not take this stand, the semantics of the
questions are very difficult.
In both cases, someone who answers with a categorical "yes" needs to
reconcile the answer with the characteristics of conditioned
phenomena: unsatisfactoriness (dukkha), impermanence (anicca) and the
nonexistence of a substantial Self (anatta). Those who answer with a
categorical "no" face a different set of problems, e.g. making sure
that what they are negating is the same as what is being affirmed by
the people to whom they are speaking. Suffice it to say that there are
ways to give a coherent sense to either answer, if one is so inclined.
Is there "something" that is experienced as a self having continuity
in time -- a self with will, and joy, and pain? Of course there is,
there would be no need for the Buddha's teaching otherwise. But is
there a permanent and substantial self? Buddhist doctrine says no.
Unfortunately, it is not possible to deal with this question
adequately in a FAQ. Those who are interested can read _The Questions
of Milinda_, a classic Buddhist text in which the matter is considered
in detail.
------------------------------
Subject: 3.06 Do Buddhists believe in reincarnation?
People who ask this question usually mean transmigration of souls.
People who answer it sometimes mean rebirth. This can lead to
confusion.
Buddhism does not teach transmigration of souls, nor does it teach
against it (see 3.05). As long as the 'soul' is regarded as just a
bundle of khandhas (see glossary), subject to arising and passing
away, transmigration is not objectionable. Of course, this gives
'reincarnation' a meaning rather different from the one typically
intended.
Usually, however, someone who uses the word 'reincarnation' means the
"re-instantiation" of a substantial and permanent personal essence of
some kind -- an atman, or a soul in the sense of some Western
religions. The existence of such a thing is rejected in the suttas
(except as a convention), and is categorically denied in the
Abhidhamma. Discussion of the transmigration of something that
doesn't exist is pointless.
Buddhism *does* teach liberation from rebirth. Rebirth in this
context means bondage to the causes of suffering, not renewed physical
embodiment of a permanent spiritual substance in the form of an animal
or human.
------------------------------
Subject: 3.07 What does Buddhism say about sex?
Monks and nuns may (or may not) be expected to observe strict
celibacy, depending on the sect they belong to. The laity of most
traditions are expected to observe the Precepts, which call for
*nonharmful* sexual behavior.
At a minimum, this means refraining from sexual behavior that is a
cause of non-mindfulness and suffering, our own or anyone else's.
In some Buddhist countries it may mean other things as well,
reflecting the prevailing values of the cultures involved. Such
cultural overlays vary from country to country.
If your interest is primarily cultural, you may be able to find a
knowledgeable person in a pertinent soc.culture.* group. Please do
not crosspost soc.culture.* messages to t.r.b. If you receive
information from soc.culture.* that you feel would be of general
interest to readers of this newsgroup, please post a separate summary
to t.r.b. instead.
------------------------------
Subject: 3.08 What does Buddhism say about homosexuality?
Nothing. Individual Buddhists or Buddhist cultures may have views on
the subject, but such views are not germane to this FAQ. As a general
rule, Buddhists of most major traditions are perfectly welcoming and
do not see sexual orientation as being terribly relevant to practice.
------------------------------
Subject: 3.09 What does Buddhism say about morality in general?
In Buddhism, unwholesome behavior is not a sign of defection to the
camp of a sinister being. Nor is it a "sin" that brings upon us the
wrath of a vengeful God.
"Immoral" behavior is a product of mistaken view. It is wrong not
because it violates some external set of laws handed down from on
high, but because it strengthens the bonds of clinging and engenders
suffering. In Buddhism, unwholesome impulses are not things to be
violently suppressed by a schizoid act of will; they are to be noted,
and understood. As we come to recognize how mental defilements give
rise to unwholesome attitudes, we will be able to work on developing
wholesome attitudes instead.
If our behavior does harm, we can try to avoid the twin pitfalls of
self-protection and self-flagellation; they both reinforce the myth of
a substantial self. We can acknowledge errors, try to make amends,
and try to have compassion for ourselves as well as others.
So much for unwholesome behavior -- what about wholesome behavior?
For Buddhists, morality (sila) is behavior that is consistent with the
Eightfold Path (see glossary) -- in particular with those parts of the
Path that are concerned with body, speech and livelihood.
The moral code of Buddhism is summarized in the Precepts (see
glossary). The Precepts are not "commandments" in the sense of some
Western religions. They are rules of training, intended to help us
move closer to liberation and compassionate action.
------------------------------
Subject: 3.10 Are all Buddhists vegetarians?
Many are, because the First Precept of the Buddhist moral code
proscribes killing and many Buddhists would regard consumption of meat
as killing by proxy. But vegetarianism is not mandatory, and it is
not practiced by all Buddhists.
------------------------------
Subject: 4. Glossary
The following glossary is offered to help with words sometimes seen in
posts in t.r.b. This list is not intended to be comprehensive or
doctrinally precise -- the definitions given here are only intended
as a rough guide, to orient readers who are unfamiliar with the
terminology.
If you believe important terms are missing, feel free to email the FAQ
maintainer with suggestions.
NOTE: Some proper names and sects are included here. Most are not.
Inclusion in the glossary does not reflect the FAQ maintainer's
opinion (or anybody else's) of the importance of a person or sect. At
most, it only reflects the history of discourse in t.r.b. If you want
a glossary entry for Vairocana, start a thread and it may happen.
The abbreviation guide is for those who haven't yet gotten used to
BTW, IMHO, etc.
------------------------------
Subject: 4.01 Why don't you folks speak English?
Buddhism has several canonical languages. The chief ones are Pali
(the main language of the Theravada canon) and Sanskrit (the main
language of the Mahayana canon). Other languages that are sometimes
encountered: Sinhalese (Sri Lanka), Thai, Chinese, Japanese, Tibetan.
(These are not all of the languages of Buddhism -- they are only the
languages of the earliest versions of key scriptures and commentaries.)
Terms transliterated from Asian languages have an undeniable in-group
appeal -- but there are other (and better) reasons for using them.
One reason is simply that these "foreign" terms have the authority of
2500 years of tradition in many cases, and are understood by members
of all Buddhist traditions (even if their first language is something
like Finnish or Swahili).
Another reason is that the words that would have to be used to render
a Pali or Sanskrit technical term into English (or any other living
language) are inevitably freighted with unintended meanings. The
advantage of using a "dead" language is that semantic precision
becomes less of a moving target.
------------------------------
Subject: 4.02 A note on spelling and usage
In cases where more than one choice for a word is available, the FAQ
maintainer has a tendency to favor Pali. Some attempt has been made
to indicate equivalent terms in other languages, but this has not been
done in all cases. If you find another spelling more natural, send
email to the FAQ maintainer so that the alternative spelling can be
included.
No attempt has been made to preserve diacritical marks.
------------------------------
Subject: 4.03 A random selection of terms and names
aggregate(s) - See khandha.
Amitabha Buddha (Jap. Amida butsu) - 'Limitless Light.' In Mahayana,
the Buddha of the Western Paradise (the Pure Land). Also encountered
in the aspect of Amitayuh (or Amitayus), 'Limitless Life.' Pure Land
Buddhists practice recitation of the name of Amitabha.
anatta (Skt. anatman) - No-self. One of the Three Characteristics (q.v.).
anicca (Skt. anitya) - Impermanence. One of the Three Characteristics.
antinomianism - The idea that the Elect are above the moral law (as in
some versions of 'justification by faith not by works').
arahant (Skt. arhat) - One who has attained enlightenment.
Avalokiteshvara (Tib. Chenrezi, Chin. Kwan-Yin or Guanyin, Jap. Kannon) -
Mahayana Bodhisattva of Compassion
avijja (Skt. avidya) - ignorance
bhikkhu, bhikkhuni (Skt. bhikshu, bhikshuni) - monk, nun
bodhisattva - A future Buddha.
brahmaviharas - Four "sublime abidings" (lit. 'abodes of Brahma') that
accompany spiritual development, consisting of compassion, loving
kindness, sympathetic joy for others, and equanimity toward the
pleasant and the unpleasant.
Buddha - The Enlightened (or Awakened) One. The First Refuge of the
Triple Gem.
Chogye (alt. Jogye) - largest Zen sect in Korea
conditioned phenomena - Phenomena (dhammas) constituted of the five
khandas (Skt. skandhas), objects for paticcasamuppada (Skt.
pratityasamutpada), subject to arising and passing away. With a
handful of exceptions (notably Enlightenment itself), all phenomena
fall into this category.
daimoku - The practice of chanting "Nam (or Namu) Myoho Renge Kyo" in
Japanese Lotus Sutra Buddhism. Myoho Renge Kyo is the sutra's name in
Japanese.
(His Holiness the 14th) Dalai Lama - Leader of the Tibetan people in
exile. Vajrayana Buddhists regard him as the living embodiment of
Avalokiteshvara (q.v.). Most other Buddhists, including Theravadins,
revere him as a teacher of very high spiritual attainment who works
tirelessly for peace and goodwill.
dana - The practice of giving to accumulate merit.
dependent arising, dependent origination - See paticcasamuppada.
dharma (Pali dhamma) - When spelled this way (not capitalized), means
roughly "phenomenon."
Dharma (Pali Dhamma) - When spelled this way (capitalized), refers to
the Teachings of the Buddha. The Second Refuge of the Triple Gem.
dukkha - Often rendered as "suffering," but can span the whole range
from excruciating pain to not-getting-what-I-want. One of the Three
Characteristics (q.v.).
(Noble) Eightfold Path - The Path of the Fourth Noble Truth: Right
Understanding, Right Thinking, Right Speech, Right Attitude, Right
Livelihood, Right Effort, Right Mindfulness, Right Concentration.
Five Aggregates - See khandha.
Four Noble Truths - Suffering. Suffering has a cause. Suffering has
an end. There is a path that leads to the cessation of suffering (see
Eightfold Path).
Gautama (alt. Gotama) - Family name of the Buddha.
Heart Sutra - The Prajnaparamita Hridraya Sutra, one of several
"perfection of wisdom" sutras in the Mahayana scriptures.
Calculatedly paradoxical in its language ("there is no suffering,
cause, cessation or path"). Central to most Mahayana schools.
hermeneutics - The science of interpretation or exegesis of Scripture.
Hinayana - Lesser Vehicle. A term coined by Mahayanists to
distinguish their inclusive path (a 'greater vehicle' with room for
all) from the path of other schools (seen as a 'lesser vehicle' with
room for only one at a time). Many Buddhists prefer the term
Theravada (q.v.), even though it is not entirely accurate as a synonym.
insight meditation -- See vipassana.
Jodo - Japanese Pure Land Buddhism.
Jodo Shinshu - The largest Jodo sect in modern Japan (in fact, the
largest Buddhist sect of any kind in Japan, as far as the FAQ
maintainer knows). See Shinran Shonin.
karma (Pali kamma) - Literally, "action." Often translated "cause and
effect."
karuna - Compassion. One of the brahmaviharas.
khandha (Skt. skandha) - One of the Five Aggregates of Clinging:
matter (rupakhandha), sensations (vedanakhandha), perceptions
(sannakhandha), mental formations (sankharakhandha), consciousness
(vinnanakhandha). A starting point for Buddhist psychology.
Lotus Sutra - The Saddharmapundarika Sutra, one of the Mahayana
scriptures. Lotus Sutra Buddhists sometimes practice recitation of
the title of the sutra. See daimoku.
mappo - A prophesied end time of decadent Dharma in Japan. Several
Buddhist traditions that arose in 12th century Japan (notably the
practices of Nichiren and Shinran) are historically unintelligible
unless seen against the backdrop of this prophecy.
Mahayana - Greater Vehicle. The northern branch of Buddhism. More
doctrinally liberal than Theravada (recognizes several non-historical
sutras as canonical -- it should be noted, however, that even
Theravada gives canonical authority to some non-historical works, such
as the Jatakas or the Abhidhamma for that matter). Strong focus on
alleviation of suffering of all sentient beings.
metta - Loving kindness. One of the brahmaviharas.
mettabhavana - A meditation practice that develops loving kindness
toward all sentient beings.
mindfulness - See sati.
mudita - Sympathetic joy. One of the brahmaviharas.
nembutsu - The practice of chanting "Namu Amida Butsu" in Japanese
Pure Land Buddhism. See Amitabha.
Nichiren Daishonin - Twelfth-century founder of a practice that is the
basis of a number of Lotus Sutra (q.v.) sects in Japan.
Nichiren Shoshu - A Nichiren sect founded in Japan in the foothills of
Mt. Fuji in the 13th century. Its head temple is Taisekiji Temple.
Nichiren Shu - A Nichiren sect founded in Japan at Mt. Minobu in the
13th century. Its head temple is Kuonji Temple.
nirhoda - Cessation. (Specifically, the cessation of suffering in the
Third Noble Truth.)
nirvana (Pali nibbana) - Absolute extinction of suffering and its causes.
parinirvana (Pali parinibbana) - The end of the Buddha's physical
existence (i.e., his death).
paticcasamuppada (Skt. pratityasamutpada) - Dependent origination.
The twelve-stage process that leads from ignorance to rebirth.
pratyekabuddha - A 'solitary awakened one', one who has attained
enlightenment outside the dispensation of a Buddha who has proclaimed
the Teaching. (Sometimes used as a term of reproof, to refer to
students who get entangled in personal striving for illumination.)
Precepts - A basic set of standards for moral conduct: to refrain
from killing, stealing, harmful sexual behavior, lying and the use of
intoxicants. These are the five "normal" precepts for the laity; more
extensive sets may apply to persons in special circumstances, e.g. the
monastic community.
Pure Land - See Amitabha.
samadhi - Concentration (as in the 'right concentration' of the
Eightfold Path). A state of one-pointedness of mind achievable
through certain forms of meditation.
samatha (Skt. shamatha) - 'Calmness' meditation, a set of techniques
for developing one-pointedness of mind. Cf. samadhi and sati.
samsara - (lit. 'wandering together') The wheel of suffering and
rebirth.
Sangha - A word with several associations. One meaning is the
Aryasangha (beings of high spiritual attainment). Another meaning is
the patimokkha sangha -- the community of ordained monks and nuns.
Western Mahayanists often use the word in yet a third sense, to refer
to the "mahasangha" -- the community of all believers. The Sangha
referred to in the Triple Gem is the Aryasangha.
sati (Skt. smrti, Jap. nen or gunen) - Mindfulness (as in the 'right
mindfulness' of the Eightfold Path). Consciousness of/attention to
experience here and now. Cf. vipassana and samadhi.
Satipatthana Sutta - The Discourse on the Basis of Mindfulness, a
fundamental scripture dealing with vipassana meditation.
sensei - Teacher. Title of respect in Japan.
Shakyamuni - Sage of the Shakya clan. Common epithet of the Buddha.
Shingon - A Japanese Vajrayana sect.
Shinran Shonin - Twelfth-century founder of Jodo Shinshu.
skandha - see khandha.
skillful means - Creating good causes for sentient beings to enter
onto the Path. This includes practicing the five perfections,
explaining the Dharma in language a hearer can understand, etc.
Siddhartha (Pali Siddhatta) - Personal name of the Buddha.
Soka Gakkai International (SGI) - A Buddhist lay organization founded
in the 20th century and formerly affiliated with Nichiren Shoshu.
Its headquarters is located in Tokyo.
soteriology - The study of salvation.
sublime abidings - See brahmaviharas.
sutra (Pali sutta) - In Theravada, a historical discourse of the
Buddha as passed down by oral tradition and ultimately committed to
writing (the Suttapitaka was not actually compiled in written form
until circa 80 B.C., around the same time as the earliest Mahayana
sutras were set down in writing). In Mahayana, the set of canonical
sutras is enlarged to include some nonhistorical sermons -- the Heart
Sutra, the Lotus Sutra, etc.
Tathagata - The Thus-Gone One. An epithet of the Buddha.
thera, theri - elder monk, elder nun.
Theravada - The Way of the Elders. The southern branch of Buddhism.
More doctrinally conservative than Mahayana (narrower conception of
what is canonical). Strong focus on correct practice and right conduct.
Thich Nhat Hanh - A contemporary Vietnamese Zen monk and campaigner
for peace. Among other things, he has suggested a 'positive'
interpretation of the Precepts: Reverence for Life, Generosity, Sexual
Responsibility, Deep Listening and Loving Speech, and Mindful
Consumption.
Three Characteristics - All conditioned phenomena are unsatisfactory,
impermanent and devoid of Self.
Tipitaka (Skt. Tripitaka) - The Three Baskets of Buddhist scripture,
comprised of the Suttapitaka (the discourses), the Vinayapitaka (rules
governing the monastic order) and the Abhidhammapitaka (Buddhist
psychology). There are significant differences between the Theravada
and Mahayana canons.
Triple Gem - The Buddha, Dhamma and Sangha.
upekkha - Equanimity. One of the brahmaviharas.
Vajrayana - Sometimes translated Thunderbolt Vehicle (or Diamond
Vehicle). A development of Mahayana Buddhism that includes several
features of Indian philosophy not found elsewhere (e.g., tantric
yoga). Strong emphasis on teacher-student relationship.
vipassana (Skt. vipashyana) - Insight, seeing things as they are.
Also used to refer to insight meditation, a technique that develops
attention to the arising and passing away of conditioned phenomena
(Theravada) or attention to the emptiness of conditioned phenomena
(Mahayana).
Zen (Chin. Ch'an) - A Buddhist tradition founded in China as a result
of the teaching of Bodhidharma, circa 475 A.D. Found today mostly in
Vietnam, Japan and Korea (and of course at various centers in the West).
------------------------------
Subject: 4.04 A random selection of abbreviations and smileys
BTW By the way
FAQ Frequently Asked Question (or a document addressing such)
FWIW For what it's worth
HHDL His Holiness the 14th Dalai Lama
IMHO In my humble opinion
IMNSHO In my not so humble opinion
IMO In my opinion
OBTW Oh, by the way
OTOH On the other hand
ROFL Rolling on floor laughing
ROTFL Rolling on the floor laughing
:-) "normal" smiley (humorous intent)
;-) "winking" smiley (somewhat more impish intent)
:) ;) the same, for those who don't know where the '-' key is on
international keyboards :-)
More comprehensive lists of abbreviations and smileys are available at
various places on the Net. One good source for smileys (and many
other things) is the Electronic Frontier Foundation:
<http://www.eff.org/> (EFF home page)
<http://www.eff.org/papers/eegtti/eeg-286.html> (smileys)
------------------------------
talk.religion.buddhism FAQ -- Part 3 of 3
------------------------------
Subject: 5. Resources of possible interest to Buddhists
This list is offered mainly as a service to those who do not have (or
have not yet learned how to use) the powerful search capabilities
available through some resources on the Internet. If you have a Web
browser, you are better off generating a list yourself, using a
service such as Lycos <http://lycos.cs.cmu.edu/>. Such a list will be
more up to date, and you will not be constrained by the FAQ
maintainer's tastes.
The FAQ maintainer attempts to visit listed Net sites once in a while
to be sure that links are still valid, but it is not possible to
monitor all listed sites on a regular basis. If you become aware of
changes, please send email to the FAQ maintainer so that the FAQ can
be updated.
Much of the information in this collection is a condensed version of
Hsuan Peng's excellent (and much more comprehensive) list. See 5.01.
------------------------------
Subject: 5.01 Some Internet sites
The Number One nifty site has to be the Coombs Virtual Library, at the
Australian National University. It has links to all sorts of stuff,
plus a wealth of information of its own related to a vast range of
traditions and topics.
<http://coombs.anu.edu.au/CoombsHome.html>
<http://coombs.anu.edu.au/WWWVL-Buddhism.html>
<gopher://coombs.anu.edu.au/coombspapers/otherarchives/>
<ftp://coombs.anu.edu.au/coombspapers/otherarchives/>
Access To Insight/DharmaNet Home Page
<http://world.std.com/~metta/index.html>
Australian BuddhaNet Home Page
<http://www2.hawkesbury.uws.edu.au/BuddhaNet/>
Buddhism Study Group at Urbana-Champaign
<http://manip.crhc.uiuc.edu/~chang/bodhi.html>
Buddhist Internet Pointers (Hsuan Peng's resource list)
<http://coombs.anu.edu.au/WWWVLPages/BuddhPointers.html>
A bunch of stuff in Chinese, including some sutra texts. Some sources
have nice GIFs. Most of this needs special software (the cognoscenti
tell me it's in BIG-5); for info on Chinese language, see 5.04.
<gopher://dongpo.math.ncu.edu.tw/>
<http://www.ee.ntu.edu.tw/~b83050/>
<http://www.nchu.edu.tw/buddhism/>
Cornell AsiaLink
<http://cucjk.eap.cornell.edu/asialink/asialink.html>
The /teaching/AAR_courses/ subdirectory contains materials related to
courses taught at Cornell on Zen and the Lotus Sutra.
Dharma Electronic Files Archive (DEFA)
<http://sunsite.unc.edu/dharma/defa.html>
<gopher://sunsite.unc.edu:70/11/.pub/academic/religious_studies/Buddhism/DEFA/>
<ftp://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/academic/religious_studies/Buddhism/DEFA/>
Journal of Buddhist Ethics resource list
<http://www.cac.psu.edu/jbe/resource.html>
Mind Only Cafe - under construction
<http://www.uncwil.edu/sys$disk1/wilsonj/mind-only-cafe.html>
This seems to be intended as a site for information about Yogacara.
Currently it has some information about Asanga. Material on Vasubandhu
is promised soon.
Sitting meditation sites
<http://sunsite.unc.edu/dharma/Sit/sitgroup.html>
Tiger Team Buddhist Information Network
<http://www.newciv.org/TigerTeam/>
Zen centers (a good worldwide list)
<http://www.iijnet.or.jp/iriz/irizhtml/centers.htm>
------------------------------
Subject: 5.02 Online scriptures and related material
Dhammapada
Heart Sutra
Mahamangala sutta
<ftp://coombs.anu.edu.au/coombspapers/otherarchives/
electronic-buddhist-archives/buddhism-general/e-texts/sutras-translations/>
(Should be all on one line. Sorry for splitting it, but wrapping
seemed even worse.)
Parinirvana Sutra
<http://www.well.com/user/devaraja/parinirvana.html>
A variety of miscellaneous items (e.g., several sutta translations in
the BPS Wheel series) are available from DEFA. See section 5.01.
Claude Huss has made a number of Jodo Shinshu texts available at his
White Path Temple site <http://www2.gol.com/users/claude/sutra.html>.
Material in English, Japanese and Chinese (last two require special
display software). Includes an English translation of the Tannisho.
For the serious specialist, the entire Tipitaka and Atthakatha (plus
a few miscellaneous items such as the Milindapanha) are available on
CD-ROM in Thai and Romanized Pali, via Mahidol University in Thailand
and its American representatives. This material is *not in English*.
Package includes software for display and cross-referencing.
More info: <http://www.mahidol.ac.th/budsir/budsir-main.html>.
Some Tibetan materials are available on CD-ROM from the Asian Classics
Input Project at Princeton. More info: <http://acip.princeton.edu/>.
EiHeiJi Temple plans to issue a commemorative Dogen CD-ROM (in
Japanese, special display software needed). More info:
FAX +81-776-63-3894.
A number of transcription projects are associated with the Electronic
Buddhist Text Initiative. There is an EBTI Web page at the
International Research Institute for Zen Buddhism (IRIZ):
<http://www.iijnet.or.jp/iriz/irizhtml/ebti/ebtie.htm>.
------------------------------
Subject: 5.03 Sites mostly devoted to specific practices
Pure Land
<ftp://ftp.netcom.com/pub/sh/shinshu/homepage.html> (Jodo Shinshu)
<http://www.aloha.net/~rtbloom/shinran/> (Shin Buddhist Network)
<http://www.well.com/user/shinshu/SBRC/> (Shin Buddhist Resource Center)
<http://www2.gol.com/users/claude/shin.html>
(White Path Temple -- Jodo Shinshu)
Nichiren
<http://www.envisionet.net/bmaltz/nichiren.html> (Kempon Hokke Shu)
<http://www.primenet.com/~martman/ns.html> (Nichiren Shoshu)
<http://www.halcyon.com/Ichinet/> (Soka Gakkai International)
Karma@cybernetics.com (email for alt.religion.buddhism.nichiren FAQ)
Theravada
<http://www.ncf.carleton.ca/freeport/sigs/religion/buddhism/menu>
(NCF Buddhism Home Page in Ottawa)
tbm@usa.net (email for info on Theravada Buddhist Ministries)
Vajrayana
<http://faraday.clas.virginia.edu/~wam7c/>
(Asynchronous School of Buddhist Dialectics)
<http://www.kei.com:80/homepages/surya>
(Dzogchen Foundation/Lama Surya Das)
<http://www-leland.stanford.edu/~wgs/nyngctr.html>
(Nyingma Centers)
<http://144.92.74.130/>
(Karma Kagyu home page)
<http://www.maui.net/~tsurphu/karmapa/>
(Tsurphu Foundation -- the other Karma Kagyu home page)
<http://www.shambhala.org/>
(Shambhala Community home page - Trungpa Rinpoche)
<http://www.ism.net/~swd/osel.html>
(Osel Shen Phen Ling -- Missoula, Montana)
Zen
<ftp://ftp.portal.com/pub/ss/Usenet/FAQs/> (alt.zen FAQ)
<http://sunsite.unc.edu/zen/> (zen@sunsite - includes faq for alt.zen)
<http://www.well.com/user/btanaka/dw.html> (DharmaWeb)
<http://oac11.hsc.uth.tmc.edu/zen/index.html> (Chogye Zen home page)
<http://www.dongguk.ac.kr:80/DGU/College/Kyongju/Budcul/Budweb/>
(Dongguk University Buddhist Web Page)
<http://www.well.com/user/devaraja/index.html> (Zen Hospice Project)
<http://www.iijnet.or.jp/iriz/irizhtml/irizhome.htm>
(International Research Institute for Zen at Hanazono U., Kyoto)
------------------------------
Subject: 5.04 Other sites of possible interest
alt.buddha.short.fat.guy -- we don't know who they are, but we like them
<http://student-www.uchicago.edu/users/chulbe/absfg/absfg.html>
El Dupree's Tex-Mex Cantina and Sports Bar home page
Asian Art
<http://www.ingress.com/~asianart/index.html>
<http://www.ingress.com/~asianart/hotlist.html>
Asian WWW resources
<http://coombs.anu.edu.au/WWWVLPages/WhatsNewWWW/asian-www-news.html>
China -- some online resources
<http://www.urz.uni-heidelberg.de/subject/hd/fak8/sin/> (the country)
<http://meena.cc.uregina.ca/~liushus/pub/read-chn.html> (the language)
Fonts
<http://faraday.clas.virginia.edu/~wam7c/fp/font_hp.html>
<http://babel.uoregon.edu/Yamada/guides.html> (Klingon fonts!)
<ftp://coombs.anu.edu.au/coombspapers/otherarchives/viet-lang-software/>
<ftp://coombs.anu.edu.au/coombspapers/otherarchives/asian-studies-archives/>
especially the asian-computing/ and tibetan-archive/ subdirectories.
In particular, the asian-computing/ subdirectory contains WPSKRIT2.EXE,
a self-extracting ZIP file with bit-mapped HP Laserjet-compatible
Times Roman fonts w/diacritics for Sanskrit and Japanese, and drivers
for Word Perfect 5.0, 5.1 and 6.0 (warmest thanks to Jamie Hubbard for
making this resource freely available on the Net).
Human Languages Page
<http://www.willamette.edu/~tjones/Language-Page.html>
International Institute for Asian Studies
<http://iias.leidenuniv.nl/> (Web page is in English)
<gopher://oasis.leidenuniv.nl/> (gopher menu is in Dutch)
Internet -- some online resources
<http://scwww.ucs.indiana.edu/NetRsc/usenet.html>
(not for the faint of heart)
Japanese Translation
<http://www.realtime.net/~adamrice/> (Honyaku home page)
Mac newsreader that supports killfiles (freeware)
<ftp://grocne.enc.org/pub/V.A.NewsWatcher/>
Philosophy -- some online resources
<ftp://ftp.cc.monash.edu.au/pub/library/guides/phlguide.txt>
Various things in Sanskrit, mostly non-Buddhist (e.g. the Mahabharata)
<ftp://bombay.oriental.cam.ac.uk/pub/john>
<ftp://ccftp.kyoto-su.ac.jp/pub/doc/sanskrit>
<ftp://ftp.bcc.ac.uk/pub/users/ucgadkw/indology>
Usually no indices -- you'll have to feel your way around based on
filenames, which tend to be fairly informative.
Tibet
<http://www.manymedia.com/tibet/index.html> (Free Tibet home page)
early Tibetan mandalas (scanned images)
<http://www.nets.com/site/ian/mandalaimages.html>
Big JPEG files, slow loading. Be patient.
Tibetan dictionary for DOS
<ftp://ftp.niif.spb.su/tibet/software/dos/t.arj>
Be patient; this FTP site (in St. Petersburg!) allows only 5 anonymous
users at a time. Issue the following FTP commands to download the two
dictionary-related files:
binary
get t.arj
ascii
get t.readme
Read t.readme before doing anything else. To un-archive t.arj, get a
copy of ARJ242B.EXE from <ftp:/ftp.pht.com/pub/msdos/arcutils/> or
another site. This is a self-extracting version of the ARJ archive
utility; just type ARJ242B and it will set itself up (it is preferable
to do this in a separate subdirectory). The dictionary *must* be
installed in a directory named \T (note that this directory is 'off
the root' -- you will need to create \T if a directory of that name
does not yet exist, and you may need to move files if you already have
a directory named \T). Type
arj e c:\t\t.arj \t *.*
to extract the complete set of dictionary files (this assumes that you
are installing the dictionary in c:). Note: this dictionary is
shareware, *not* freeware; if you plan to use it, Jim Valby asks for a
contribution of $15. His address is in the t.readme file.
------------------------------
Subject: 5.05 Mailing lists
Bodhi News - Buddhism Study Group at Urbana-Champaign
To subscribe, send a short message to bodhi@uiuc.edu.
Buddha-L - An academic Buddhism discussion group
To subscribe, send the command: sub buddha-l your_firstname your_lastname
to listserv@ulkyvm.louisville.edu.
Buddhist - An academic Buddhism discussion group
To subscribe, send the command: sub buddhist your_firstname your_lastname
to listserv@jpntuvm0.bitnet.
buddhist-philosophy - For general discussions of Buddhist philosophy
To subscribe, send the command: sub buddhist-philosophy your_firstname
your_lastname to listserv@think.net.
DailyZen - A daily dose of Zen wisdom
To subscribe, send a message with your full name to mAmund@iac.net.
Include the word "DailyZen" in your subject line.
Dharma-talk - Forum for discussions, information, announcements
To subscribe, send the command: sub dharma-talk your_email_address
to majordomo@saigon.com.
EABUD - Eastern American/East Asian Buddhism
To subscribe, send the command: sub eabud your_firstname your_lastname
to listserv@jhunix.hcf.jhu.edu.
Indology - An academic discussion group on early Indian language etc.
To subscribe, send the command: sub indology your_firstname
your_lastname to listserv@liverpool.ac.uk.
Jodo Shinshu
To subscribe, send the command: sub a-shinshu-forum your_firstname
your_lastname to listserv@netcom.com.
Tibet-L
To subscribe, send the command: sub tibet-l your_firstname
your_lastname to listserv@iubvm.ucs.indiana.edu.
Universal Zendo
To subscribe, send an email request to zendo-request@nuance.com.
World Tibet News
To subscribe, send the command: sub wtn your_firstname your_lastname
to listserv@vm1.mcgill.ca.
Zen
To subscribe, send the command: sub zen your_firstname your_lastname
to listserv@think.net.
ZenBuddhism-L
To subscribe, send the command: sub zenbuddhism-l your_email_address
to majordomo@coombs.anu.edu.au.
------------------------------
Subject: 5.06 Electronic journals
Australian National University
<gopher://coombs.anu.edu.au/16/Buddhist Studies/>
CLEAR-MIND - Tibetan Buddhist Newsletter
<gopher://gopher.cic.net/11/e-serials/alphabetic/c/clear-mind>
GASSHO - Electronic Journal of DharmaNet International
<gopher://sunsite.unc.edu:70/11/.pub/academic/religious_studies/Buddhism/>
This is a general Buddhist journal -- not dedicated to a specific practice
International Journal of Tantric Studies
<http://www.arcadia.polimi.it/~ijtslist/>
Journal of Buddhist Ethics
To subscribe to the Journal Abstract, send e-mail to jbe-ed@psu.edu
specifying "JBE Subscription" in the Subject Line (NOT Mail Body!).
Still Point (online newsletter of Dharma Rain Zen Center)
<http://www.teleport.com/~ldotm/STILLPOINT.html>
Winds (online newsletter of the Shin Buddhist Resource Center)
<http://www.well.com/user/shinshu/SBRC/library/winds/>
------------------------------
Subject: 5.07 Newsgroups
There are many USENET newsgroups that deal with political, religious,
interfaith, philosophical and other topics that a reader of t.r.b.
could conceivably be interested in. Here is just a small selection:
alt.magick.tyagi soc.culture.china soc.culture.taiwan
alt.meditation soc.culture.japan soc.culture.thai
alt.philosophy.taoism soc.culture.korean soc.culture.vietnamese
alt.religion.buddhism.tibetan soc.culture.laos soc.religion.eastern
alt.zen soc.culture.nepal talk.politics.tibet
alt.religion.buddhism.nichiren alt.religion.nichiren.shoshu.news
If you can't find a group on your local system, you may still be able
to read it via <gopher://gopher.msu.edu:3441/1threaded/> or elsewhere.
If you want to have a newsgroup carried on your local system, talk to
the news adminstrator for the local system. Do not email the FAQ
maintainer; he can't help.
------------------------------
Subject: 5.08 A random selection of books
Buddhist Dictionary: Manual of Buddhist Terms and Doctrines, by
Nyanatiloka (3rd revised and enlarged edition). Colombo: Frewin
(1972). An edition is also published by AMS Press (1983).
Entering the Stream: An Introduction to the Buddha and his Teachings,
ed. by Samuel Bercholz and Sherab Chodzin Kohn. London : Rider
(1994). This is the companion volume to the film "Little Buddha." A
superb anthology of short writings from a number of different
viewpoints. Very accessible to those who have only a casual interest
in Buddhism, while also containing much of value for serious students
of the teaching.
The Middle Length Discourses of The Buddha (Majjhima Nikaya), trans.
by Bkikkhu Nanamoli and Bhikkhu Bodhi. Boston: Wisdom Publications
(1995). ISBN-0-86171-072-X. Those living in Asia can get the Asian
Edition from the Buddhist Publication Society in Sri Lanka.
Mindfulness in Plain English, by Henepola Gunaratana. Boston: Wisdom
(1993).
The Path of Purification (Visuddhimagga), by Bhadantacariya
Buddhaghosa, trans. by Nyanamoli (3rd edition). Kandy, Sri Lanka:
Buddhist Publication Society (1975). An edition is also published by
Shambhala. This is still probably the best meditation text ever
written for someone who wants a comprehensive overview of orthodox
Buddhist meditation techniques. (Warning: this book is not a casual
read.) The FAQ maintainer suggests starting with Vol. 2, unless you
want to be an expert on kasina disks.
A Survey of Buddhism: Its Doctrines and Methods through the Ages, by
Sangharakshita (6th edition). London: Tharpa (1987). A rich and
wide-ranging study written by someone who is familiar with all of the
major schools (as well as the Western intellectual tradition).
Thus I Have Heard: The Long Discourses of The Buddha (Digha Nikaya),
trans. by Maurice Walshe. Boston: Wisdom Publications (1987).
ISBN-0-86171-030-4.
What the Buddha Taught, by Walpola Rahula. A beautifully clear
introduction to Buddhist doctrine, written by a Sri Lankan scholar.
Very intelligible, even to non-Buddhists.
Zen Mind, Beginner's Mind, by Shunryu Suzuki. New York: Weatherhill
(1970), reprinted in 1980. Anthologized in _Entering the Stream_.
------------------------------
Subject: 5.09 Bookstores, etc.
Buddhist Book Service
P.O. Box 9677
Washington, DC 20016
Phone 01-946-7560, or 202-832-9393
The Buddhist Bookstore (good source for Jodo Shinshu)
1710 Octavia Street
San Francisco, CA 94109
Phone 415-776-7877
Buddhist Publication Society (mainly Theravada)
P.O. Box 61
54, Sangharaja Mawatha
Kandy, Sri Lanka
Pali Text Society
73 Lime Walk
Headington
Oxford OX3 7AD
England
Phone +44-1865-742125 Fax +44-1865-750079
PTS is "the" source for critical texts and translations of many works
in the Theravada canon. U.S. distributor: Wisdom Publications.
Shambhala Sun: Creating Enlightened Society (bimonthly)
1345 Spruce St. or: 1585 Barrington St, Suite 300
Boulder, CO 80302-4886 Halifax, Nova Scotia
USA Canada B3J 1Z8
email: shambsun@ra.isisnet.com Phone: 902-422-8404 Fax: 902-423-2750
Snow Lion Publications
<http://www.well.com/user/snowlion/>
South Asia Books
P.O. Box 502
Columbia MO 65205
Phone 314-474-0116 Fax 314-474-8124
Tricycle: The Buddhist Review
tricycle@echonyc.com
Vihara Book Service (good source for Theravada)
5017-16th St. NW
Washington DC 20011
Phone 202-723-0773
Ajit Wettasinghe has created a text file version of the VBS book list.
If you would like a copy, send an email message to ajitw@aol.com.
Wisdom Publications (good source for Vajrayana)
361 Newbury Street
Boston, MA 02115
Phone 800-274-4050, 617-536-2305, FAX 617-536-1897
U.S. distributors for Pali Text Society
------------------------------
Subject: 5.10 Bulletin Boards, etc.
Access To Insight
Pepperell, MA
1-508-433-5847
John.Bullitt@metta.ci.net
Bodhi-Line phone service
A telephone information service providing information about Buddhist
centers in New York area, including centers' locations, schedules of
classes and meditation sessions, and a list of books, tapes and other
materials. All services offered by the Bodhi- Line are free of charge.
Just dial (212) 677-9354. For more information about Bodhi-Line, contact
Michael Wick at Buddhist Information Service of New York, 331 E 5th
Street, New York, NY 10003. Tel: (212) 777-3745. Fax & voice mail: (212)
677-9354.
The Bodhi Tree
Boise, ID
1-208-327-9916
Body Dharma Online
Berkeley, CA
1-510-234-9431
Barry Kapke, sysop
dharma@netcom.com
Mount Kailas
Cambridge, MA
1-508-921-0482
Tiger Team Buddhist Information Network
1920 Francisco, Suite 112
Berkeley, CA 94709
gary.ray@tigerteam.org
------------------------------
Subject: 5.11 Meditation Centers
California Vipassana Center
P.O.Box 1167, North Fork, CA 93643
Telephone (209) 877-4386 Fax (209) 877-4387
Cambridge Insight Meditation Center
331 Broadway
Cambridge, MA 02139
Phone (24hr info): (617) 491-5070
Northwest Vipassana Center
c/o Scott Corley
17045 - 33rd Avenue NE
Seattle, WA 98155
Telephone (206) 367-9336
Southwest Vipassana Meditation Center
c/o Cathryn Lacey
P.O.Box 190248, Dallas, TX 75219
Telephone (214) 521-5258
Vipassana Support Institute
4070 Albright
Los Angles CA 90066
310 915-1943
Vipassana Meditation Center
P.O.Box 24, Shelburne Falls, MA 01370
Telephone (413) 625-2160 Fax (413) 625-2170
Washington Buddhist Vihara
Ven. Dhammasiri
5017-16th St. NW
Washington DC 20011
Phone 202-723-0773
Zen Center of Los Angeles
923 S. Normandie Ave.
Los Angeles, CA 90006-1301
------------------------------
Subject: 5.12 Overlapping interests
Gay/Lesbian:
International Buddhist Meditation Center in Los Angeles
sponsors various services. Email nunk123@aol.com for info.
Maitri Dorje is an association of Gay & Lesbian Buddhists and
practitioners of other meditation traditions in NYC. Email
Bill <wcwgc@cunyvm.cuny.edu> for info.
Women:
There are conferences on Women and Buddhism, on both BodhiNet
and DharmaNet. For info on BodhiNet (and Tiger Team Network),
send email to gary.ray@tigerteam.org. For info on DharmaNet,
send email to dharma@netcom.com (Barry Kapke).
Buddhists in 12-step programs:
If you are on AOL, see the folder AA and Buddhism.
Otherwise email BODHI123@aol.com for more information.
If anyone knows of other resources appropriate for listing here,
please send email to the FAQ maintainer.
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