發信人: rocling.bbs@bbs.cis.nctu.edu.tw (笨笨小散戶), 信區: history
標 題: Re: 請問『中國』一詞
發信站: 交大資科_BBS (Sun Jul 27 19:33:19 1997)
轉信站: Lion!ccnews.nsysu!suncc.ccu!news.csie.nctu!news.cis.nctu!cis_nctu
來 源: h231.s127.ts.hinet.net
==> 在 Kenny Lam 的文章中提到:
> 人稱肉雞 wrote:
> > 常看見中國一詞
> > 不知『中國』一詞的由來 意思為何??
> > --
> Sorry, I am still learning Chinese Input. Right now I can only use
> English.
> Hope I can answer your question.
> From my understanding, China ,or Chung Kuo, or Middle Kingdom appeared
> in around 1122 BC ,Western Zhou period. It is the begining of feudal
> period, the Zhou king gave lands to the princes and other peoples loyal
> to the Zhou court. The rulers of this states gave a name to this piece
> of land. So there were Ch'in kuo, Wei kuo, Yen kuo, Ch'i kuo,
> ...etc.
> Imagine if you are Zhou king, you won't call your land, Zhou kuo.
> Because it will mean your status is the same as your vassal states. You
> need a name more glorious.
史記五帝本紀<舜曰 天也 夫而後之中國踐天子位焉 是為帝舜>
史記集解<劉熙曰 ...帝王所都為中 故曰中國>
個人認為 舜當時讓辟丹朱於南河之南 算是躲到蠻夷地區
後來回到<中國> 是指回到黃河流域的意思
夏本紀<中國賜土姓>
集解<鄭玄曰 中即九州也 天子建其國 諸侯祚之土 賜之姓 命之氏>
當時的周王室直轄領依遠近有畿服的區分 直轄領好像叫甸服 不叫中國
(據史記夏本紀 :五百里甸服 甸服外五百里侯服 侯服外五百里綏服 綏服外五百里要服
要服外五百里荒服
周本紀 :夫先王之制 邦內甸服)
而<中國>這個名詞 在當時是指奉行周王朝的典章制度禮樂刑法的地區
<蠻夷>被用來指稱黃河文明還未影響到的地區
至少孔仲尼是持這種觀點
> So you called your land Chung Kuo, the Middle Kingdom. Your land is in
> the center of the world and only this land will be situable for the
> King, T'ien Ts'e, the son of heaven.
<天子>的君權神授觀念好像在周朝之前就開始了
譬如尚書大傳曰<桀云 天之有日 如吾之有民 日有亡哉 日亡吾亦亡矣>
> When Ch'in kuo conquest all six states and the Zhou court. The Ch'in
> king (now emperor) also called his land Chung Kuo too but its territory
> was much bigger!
> All later dynasties used the same concept until 1911.
> Remember Chung Kuo at that time did not mean a nation-state. It is not
> owned by the people but a single human being, the king. People did not
> develop a concept that a state could owned by its people. Only the
> Greek people found this idea later.
--
* Origin: ★ 交通大學資訊科學系 BBS ★
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